A Framework for the Direct Numerical Simulation of Phase Change Processes of Water at Low Temperature and Pressure

The aim of the present thesis is to present a framework for the Direct Numerical Simulation of all possible phase change processes of water at low pressure and sub-zero temperatures. All methods are based on the software package Free Surface 3D (FS3D) where the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and the energy equation are solved for multiphase flows within a Finite-Volume formulation. The different phases are captured using a Volume-of-Fluid technique and the sharp interface is reconstructed locally using planes. In the course of this work, models and numerical methods for the simulation of solidification, sublimation, and evaporation of water were developed.