Early Neolithic Settlement Brunn am Gebirge, Wolfholz, in Lower Austria Volume 5 / part a and b

We had our first contact with Brunn am Gebirge, Wolfholz in September 1989. In this month, a public motorway project was started, which had been planned for decades. The Viennese ‘Außenring Autobahn A21’(also ‘Alland Autobahn’) is a motorway in eastern Austria and part of Europastraße 60. It connects the ‘West-Autobahn A1’ at traffic junction Steinhäusl with the ‘Süd-Autobahn A2’ at the junction of Vösendorf, where it joins into the ‘Wiener Außenring Schnellstraße S1’. The former ‘Brunner Feldstraße’, also called ‘S12’, was redirected so that the bypass around the Theresienau farm, a part of the Brenner-Felsach estate, could enable a considerably wider roadway than the former one, which led over the farm. During the realisation of this building project, I first took note of the excavation work that started with a caterpillar in the northern area of Brunn am Gebirge, Wolfholz at the beginning of September 1989.
At first, I found the remains of Brunn site 1, some weeks later the findings from site 3 and further on in the road construction process, a few hundred metres to the south, site 2. The main part of site 3 was excavated very carefully only much later in 1999. The construction of a gas station enabled us to document a planned excavation. In total, twelve houses or parts of houses could be investigated in 1989 and 1999. A large part of Brunn am Gebirge, site 3, according to magnetic investigations, is still preserved, waiting for further explorations. The magnetic prospection showed us about 150 houses including all houses already excavated. Considering all areas, which could not yet be studied, it would be possible that the number of longhouses exceeds 200 or maybe even 250.
The chronological frame for Brunn is fixed with the sequence 2, 3, 4, (5), 1 and 6, with an absolute chronology from 5650 to 5050 calBC. Site 3 gave us the best-preserved longhouses from all areas of Brunn Wolfholz. Because its surface is completely flat, erosion did not destroy as much as on other sites at Brunn. Site 3 belongs to the Milanovce phase of the Linear Pottery culture (LPC).
Houses were classified after different quality depending on kind of destruction before investigation. There were 2 qualifications, fragmented houses and well preserved houses.


Inhaltsverzeichnis:

Part a:

Foreword by Volume Editor
Preface and acknowledgement

Chapter 1. Introduction

State of Research and Access to the Topic
Definitions of Terms and Abbreviations

Chapter 2. The Houses of Brunn am Gebirge, Wolfholz

The Houses of Site 2a
• Well preserved Houses
• The Fragmented Houses
• The semi-circular Pit Ensemble

The Houses of Site 2b
• Well preserved Houses
• The Fragmented Houses

The Houses of Site 3
• Well preserved Houses
• The Fragmented Houses

The Houses of Site 4
• Well preserved Houses
• The Fragmented Houses

Part b:

The Houses of Site 1
• Well preserved Houses
• The Fragmented Houses

The small Buildings of Site 6
• Well preserved Buildings
• The Fragmented Buildings

Chapter 3. Analysis, Methods and Results

The Radiocarbon Dates and the House Sequence
• The Construction Sequence of Site 2
• The Construction Sequence of Site 3
• The Construction Sequence of Site 4
• The Construction Sequence of Site 1
• The Construction Sequence of Site 6

The Ground Plans
• The Ground Plans of Site 2
• The Ground Plans of Site 3 and 4
• The Ground Plans of Site 1 and 6
• A Comparison of all Ground Plans of all Sites
• The House Lengths
• The House Widths
• The Pits of the Interior Scaffolding
• Traces and Remains of Posts
• Investigations on the Ditches of the LPC Houses

The Architectural Dimensions
• Methods
• Different Types of Postholes
• Differences in Measuring between Post Trace and Posthole

The Transverse Rows
• The Post Distances within the Transverse Rows
• A Comparison of the Post Distances within the Sites 1, 2, 3 and 6
• The Widths of the Transverse Rows (T R)
• Special Post Positions within the Transverse Rows
• Similar or comparable TR Distances
• The Distance between two transverse Rows
• The Analysis of the N-next Neighbours

The longitudinal Post Rows
• Site 2a
• Site 2b
• Site 3
• Site 1 and 6
• A Comparison of the Sites

The Areas
• The House Areas
• The Areas between 2 transverse Rows

The House Orientations
• State of Research
• Methods
• The House Orientations in north-eastern Austria
• The House Orientations of Brunn am Gebirge

Chapter 4. A Comparison with Neighbouring Countries

A Comparison of the trapezoidal Houses
• Similar Floor Plans that can be compared to House 38

A Comparison of the rectangular Houses
• Similar Floor Plans that can be compared to House 11
• Similar Floor Plans that can be compared to House 22
• Similar Floor Plans that can be compared to House 37
• Houses of other Settlements

A Comparison of Houses with different ground Plans
• Similar Floor Plans that can be compared to House 11
• Similar Floor Plans that can be compared to House 38

Comparison with House Floor Plans from geophysical Prospection

Conclusion

Chapter 5. Summary

Chapter 6. kurze Zusammenfassung in Deutsch (2 Seiten)

Chapter 7. Bibliography

Chapter 8. Authors and Their E-Mail Addresses