Pathophysiology of Pain Perception

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1. Basic Physiology of Pain Perception.
• to Nociception, Acute and Chronic Pain.
• Animal Studies on Nociception and Pain.
• The Peripheral Nociceptive System.
• The Central Pain System.
• The Physiology of Nociceptive Processing in the CNS.
• References.
• 2. Assessment of Pain Perception.
• Experimental Methods For Pain Induction.
• Experimental Methods of Pain Assessment.
• Summary.
• 3. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Primary Headache: Migraine, Tension-type, and Cluster Headaches.
• Epidemiology.
• Pain and Functional Impairment.
• Psychological Antecedents, Causes and Sequels.
• Muscle Tension and Vascular Reactions.
• Central Factors.
• Disturbance of Pain Perception.
• 4. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Chronic Back Pain.
• Description of the Disorder.
• Disturbances in Pain Perception.
• Conclusions and Implications.
• 5. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Fibromyalgia.
• Description of the Syndrome.
• Concluding Remarks.
• 6. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Myofascial Pain Syndrome and other Musculoskeletal Pains.
• Definition of MPS.
• General Characteristics of MPS.
• Trigger Points in MPS.
• Referred Pain in Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions.
• Hyperalgesia in Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions.
• 7. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Temporomandibular Pain Syndrome.
• Classification.
• Contrasting Concepts.
• Regional or Widespread Disorder.
• Response to Non-Noxious Stimuli.
• Hypervigilance.
• Experimental Models of TMD.
• Studies of Neurotransmitters.
• Response to Stress.
• Overview.
• 8. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
• Definition and Clinical Presentation.
• IBS as a Neurologic Disorder.
• Animal Models of Persistent Pain State Mechanisms.
• Human Neural Imaging Studies of Persistent Pain Conditions.
• Somatic Pain Testing in IBS Patients.
• Serotonin and IBS.
• Psychological Factors in IBS.
• Conclusions.
• 9. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Menstrual Cycle-Related Disorders.
• Pain Perception Across the Menstrual Cycle.
• Dysmenorrhea.
• Premenstrual Syndrome.
• Menstrual Cycle Influences on Other Chronic Pain Disorders.
• 10. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Disorders of the Peripheral Nervous System.
• Diabetic Polyneuropathy.
• Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS).
• Herpes Zoster.
• Trigeminal Neuralgia.
• Lumbosacral Radiculopathy.
• 11. Disturbances of Pain Perception in Disorders of the Peripheral and Central Nervous System.
• General Considerations.
• The Clinical Diagnosis of Neuropathic Pain.
• Syndromes which may be Accompanied by Neuropathic Pain.
• 12. Pain Perception in Psychiatric Disorders.
• Anxiety.
• Schizophrenia.
• Depression.
• Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa.
• Borderline Personality Disorder.
• 13. Alterations in Pain Perception in Cardiovascular Disease.
• Cardiovascular Variables and Pain Perception.
• Mechanisms of Blood Pressure-Related Hypoalgesia.
• Pain Perception in Coronary Artery Disease and Other Cardiac Diseases.
• Conclusions and Future Directions.
• 14. Perception of Pain during Pregnancy and Labor.
• Physiological Changes During Pregnancy.
• Pain and Discomfort in Pregnancy.
• Physiology of Labor.
• Labor Pain.
• Memory for Labor Pain.
• Factors Affecting Pain during Labor.
• The Effect of Acupuncture on Pain and Use of Analgesics during Labor.
• The Role of Endogenous Opioids in Pain Processing during Pregnancy and Labor 206.
• Experimental Studies of Pain Perception in Pregnancy and Labor.
• Conclusion.
• 15. The Importance of Quantitative Sensory Testing in the Clinical Setting.
• Applications of QST.
• Advantages and Disadvantages of QST.
• Is QST Clinically Relevant?.
• Future Directions for Clinical Applications of QST.