Photomesic and Photonuclear Processes

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• Photoproduction of ?0-Mesons in Deuterium Near Threshold.
• I. Short Review of Theoretical and Experimental Work on ?0-Meson Photoproduction.
• 1. Meson Photoproduction on Free Nucleons.
• 2. Theory of ?0-Meson Photoproduction in Deuterium.
• 3. Experimental Investigations.
• II. Calculations of Differential Cross Sections for ?0-Meson Photoproduction on Deuterons.
• 1. Approximations Employed.
• 2. Elastic Photoproduction of ?0-Mesons (?+d ? d + ?0).
• 3. Inelastic Photoproduction of ?0-Mesons (?+d ? d +n+ ?0).
• III. Experimental Investigations of ?0-Meson Photoproduction.
• A. Measurement of Differential Cross Section by the Direction of One Decay Photon of the ?0-Meson.
• B. Measurement of Differential Cross Sections at Small Angles by the Detection of Two Decay ?-Quanta.
• IV. Comparison of Obtained Experimental Data for Processes ?+ d? d(pn) + ?0 with Results of Theoretical Calculations.
• Conclusion.
• Literature Cited.
• Photoproduction of ?+-Mesons on Protons Near Threshold.
• 1. Basic Ideas Regarding Pion Photoproduction on Nucleons.
• 2. Investigation of Meson Photoproduction on the Basis of Dispersion Relations.
• 3. Review of Experimental Work.
• 4. Experimental Setup and Method.
• 5. Experimental Results.
• 6. Calculation of Differential Cross Sections of ?+ - Meson Photoproduction.
• 7. Discussion.
• Nuclear Photoeffect in Three-Particle Nuclei.
• Section 1. Experimental Method.
• Section 2. Results of Measurements.
• 1. Yields of He3(?, p)D and He3(?, n)2p Reactions.
• 2. Two-Particle Disintegration [He3(?, p)d Reaction].
• 3. Three-Particle Disintegration [He3(?, n)2p Reaction].
• Section 3. Rule of Sums and Dimensions of Three-Particle Nuclei.
• 1. Rule of Sums for the Integral Cross Section.
• 2. Rule of Sums for the Integral Cross Section Weighted with Respect to the Bremsstrahlung Spectrum.
• 3. Radii of Charge Distribution in Three-Particle Nuclei.
• Section 4. Comparison between Experimental Data and Theoretical Calculations of Effective Cross Sections.
• 1. Two-Particle Channel for Absorption of ?-Quanta by the Nucleus.
• 2. Three-Particle Disintegration of H3.
• Section 5. Experimental Results of Other Authors.
• 1. Two-Particle Disintegration.
• 2. Three-Particle Disintegration.
• Conclusions.
• Study of Nuclear Reactions at High Energies by the Recoil-Nucleus Method.
• I. Experimental.
• 1. Method.
• 2. Apparatus.
• 3. Measurement.
• 4. Yield and Effective Cross Sections of the Photonuclear Reactions Al27? Na24, Co59? Mn56, and P31? Na24 for ?-Quantum Energies up to 260 MeV.
• 5. Yields of Recoil Nuclei from Thick Targets. Range and Angular Distributions of the Recoil Nuclei.
• II. Discussion. Compound Nucleus and Evaporation.
• 1. Mean-Square Momentum and Angular and Energy Distributions of Recoil Nuclei on the Model of the Compound Nucleus.
• 2. Range—Energy Relation, Straggling, and Multiple Scattering of Heavy Ions. Range Distribution of Recoil Nuclei.
• 3. Yield of Recoil Nuclei from Thick Targets.
• 4. Comparison of Calculations with Experiment and Conclusions.
• III. Discussion. Cascade Theory.
• 1. General Arrangement and Initial Data of the Nuclear-Cascade Calculations.
• 2. Photonuclear Cascade.
• 3. Results of Calculations and Comparison with Experiment.
• 4. Interaction with Correlated Groups of Nucleons.
• Appendices.
• Appendix I. Activation Method of Measuring the Thicknesses of Thin Films and Foils.
• Appendix II. Correction for the Decay of Radioactivity in the Case of the Successive Irradiation of Several Monitors.
• Appendix III. Mean-Square Momentum and Angular Distribution of Recoil Nuclei on the Compound-Nucleus Model.
• Appendix IV. Energy Distributions of Recoil Nuclei on the Evaporation of Two and Three Nucleons.
• Appendix V. Yield of Recoil Nuclei from Thick Targets. Effective Thickness.
• A Study of the Angular Distribution of Fragments in the Photofission of Uranium Isotope U233.
• Shower-Type Gamma Spectrometers, Theory and Calculation of the Principal Characteristics.
• Section 1. Introduction.
• Section 2. Calculation of the Mathematical Expectancy and Dispersion. Energy Resolution.
• Section 3. Line Shape of the Shower Gamma Spectrometer.
• Section 4. Numerical Calculation of the Characteristics of ? erenkov Gamma Spectrometers.
• Section 5. Conclusions.
• Determination of the Shower Efficiency of Scintillation Detectors.
• A Liquid-Hydrogen Target.
• Apparatus for Investigating ?+ - Meson Photoproduction.
• Use of Static Characteristics of Gas-Discharge Gaps in the Design of Decatron Counting Circuits.
• 1. Transfer of Discharge from Cathode to First Guide.
• 2. Transfer of Discharge from First to Second Guide.
• 3. Transfer of Discharge from the Second Guide to Following Cathode.
• 4. Plotting the Shape of Current Pulses at the Decatron Electrodes.
• 5. Resetting the Decatron to Zero.
• Selection of Guide Bias Voltage.
• Selection of Zero-Cathode Resistance.
• Pulsed Zero Reset.
• 6. The Principle of Amplitude Matching.
• 7. Transistorized Decatron Scalers.
• 8. Selection of Coupling and Control Circuits Ensuring Reliable Decatron Operation.
• Contribution to the Design of Three-Mesh Bandpass Filters.
• System for Stabilizing the Supply Current of an Electromagnet.
• 1. Requirements Laid on the Supply System.
• 2. Voltage-Stabilizing System for the DC Generators.
• 3. DC Amplifier for the Comparison Circuit and the Suppression of Pulsations.