Brain Development in Drosophila melanogaster

Inhaltsverzeichnis

CONTENTS

1. The Development of the Drosophila Larval Brain........... 1

Volker Hartenstein, Shana Spindler, Wayne Pereanu and Siaumin Fung

Abstract................................................................................................................................. 1

Synopsis of the Phases and Elements of Drosophila Brain Development........................ 1

Progenitors of the Drosophila Brain: Neuroblasts and Ganglion Mother Cells............. 3

The Generic Cell Types of the Drosophila Brain................................................................ 8

Neuroanatomy of the Developing Drosophila Brain: The Systems of Lineages,

Tracts and Compartments......................................................................................... 17

Outlook............................................................................................................................... 29

2. Anteroposterior Regionalization of the Brain:

Genetic and Comparative Aspects............................................. 32

Robert Lichtneckert and Heinrich Reichert

Abstract............................................................................................................................... 32

Introduction........................................................................................................................ 32

The Cephalic Gap Genes Otd/Otx and Ems/Emx Control Anterior

Brain Development..................................................................................................... 34

The Hox Genes Pattern the Posterior Brain..................................................................... 36

Evidence for a Tripartite Organization of the Brain....................................................... 37

3. Dorsoventral Paterning of the Brain:

A Comparative Approach.................................................................. 42

Rolf Urbach and Gerhard M. Technau

Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 42

Introduction........................................................................................................................ 42

DV Patterning of the Truncal Part of the CNS in Drosophila and vertebrates............ 45

DV patterning of the brain in Drosophila........................................................................ 48

A comparison with DV regionalization of the vertebrate telencephalon................... 52

Conclusions......................................................................................................................... 53

xii Contents

4. Disection of the Embryonic Brain Using

Photoactivated Gene Expresion.............................................. 57

Jonathan Minden

Abstract............................................................................................................................... 57

Introduction........................................................................................................................ 57

Procephalic Blastoderm Fate Map.................................................................................... 58

Brain-Forming Mitotic Domains Populate Distinct Brain Regions............................... 58

Conclusion.......................................................................................................................... 67

5. Design of the Larval Chemosensory System....................... 69

Reinhard F. Stocker

Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 69

Introduction........................................................................................................................ 69

Chemosensory Organs of the Larval Head...................................................................... 70

Olfactory System................................................................................................................. 71

Gustatory System................................................................................................................ 77

The Drosophila Larva as a Model for Smell and Taste.................................................... 78

6. Development of the Drosophila Olfactory System...... 82

Veronica Rodrigues and Thomas Hummel

Abstract............................................................................................................................... 82

Introduction........................................................................................................................ 82

Organization of the Drosophila Adult Olfactory System................................................. 84

Specification of the Olfactory Sense Organs.................................................................... 84

Olfactory Lineages Revisited............................................................................................. 87

Origin of Glial Cells............................................................................................................ 89

Development of ORN Connectivity................................................................................... 89

Olfactory Map Organization............................................................................................. 90

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of ORN Wiring Specificity.................................. 91

Specification of Projection Neurons.................................................................................. 92

Development of PN Dendrites............................................................................................ 95

Concluding Remarks.......................................................................................................... 96

7. The Olfactory Sensory Map in Drosophila.......................... 102

Philippe P. Laissue and Leslie B. Vosshall

Abstract............................................................................................................................. 102

Introduction...................................................................................................................... 102

Olfactory Organs and Olfactory Sensory Neurons of Drosophila................................ 103

Odorant Receptor Gene Expression................................................................................ 104

Ligand Tuning Profiles..................................................................................................... 105

A Receptor-Based Map of Glomerular Projections....................................................... 108

Sexual Dimorphism in the Drosophila Olfactory System...............................................111

Concluding Remarks........................................................................................................ 112

8. Optic Lobe Development.................................................................115

Karl-Friedrich Fischbach and Peter Robin Hiesinger

Abstract............................................................................................................................. 115

Introduction...................................................................................................................... 115

The Adult Visual System Is Organized into Parallel Visuotoptic

Functional Pathways................................................................................................. 116

Lamina Development........................................................................................................ 120

Medulla and Lobula Complex Development.................................................................. 126

Concluding Remarks........................................................................................................ 131

9. Clonal Unit Architecture of the Adult Fly Brain........ 137

Kei Ito and Takeshi Awasaki

Abstract............................................................................................................................. 137

Introduction...................................................................................................................... 137

Structure of the Adult Brain............................................................................................ 137

Techniques for Visualising Clonally Related Progeny................................................... 139

Clonal Unit Architecture in the Adult Brain.................................................................. 147

Formation of the Clonal Units During Development..................................................... 150

Functional Importance of the Clonal Units.................................................................... 154

Conclusion........................................................................................................................ 156

INDEX............................................................................................................................. TBA