From Agent to Spectator

We tend to associate the act of witnessing with bystanders who have not played an active role in the events that they are watching. The present monograph considers characters from Homer’s Iliad and Greek tragedy that are looking on and reacting (in word, deed, or both) to their own actions. It closely examines those scenes in which they are put in the position of a spectator, witnessing the aftermath of their deed(s).