The Logic of Language Development in Early Childhood

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 Introduction.
• 2 Description of the Project: Cognitive and Social Determinants of Language Acquisition.
• 2.1 General and Long-Term Goals of the Language Acquisition Project.
• 2.2 The Children under Observation: Meike, Kerstin, and Simone.
• 2.2.1 Social Data.
• 2.3 The Method of Gathering Data.
• 2.3.1 Tape Recordings.
• 2.3.2 Transcriptions.
• 3 A Quantitative Analysis of the Early Linguistic Development of Meike and Simone.
• 3.1 A Survey of the Individual Corpora of Utterances of Meike and Simone.
• 3.2 Quantitative Features of Corpora I to III for Meike and Simone.
• 3.2.1 MLU Values.
• 4 Problems in the Transformational Analysis of Early Child Language.
• 4.1 The Pivot-Grammar Approach.
• 4.1.1 Characteristics of the Pivot-Grammar Approach.
• 4.1.2 Criticism of the Pivot-Grammar Approach.
• a) Distributional Evidence for Pivot Grammar.
• b) The Universality of Pivot Grammar.
• 4.2 Empirical Arguments for a Transformational Descriptive Model.
• 4.2.1 The Descriptive Inadequacy of a Phrase Structure Grammar.
• 4.2.2 Constructional Homonyms.
• 4.3 The Method of Rich Interpretation.
• 4.3.1 Semantic Analyses of Early Child Language.
• 4.3.2 Discovery Procedures.
• 4.4 Reduction Transformations.
• 4.4.1 The Definition and Description of Reduction Transformations.
• 4.4.2 Criticism of Reduction Transformations.
• 5 Aspects of the Early Linguistic Development of Meike and Simone.
• 5.1 A Sketch of a Model for the Description of a Child’s Communicative Intentions.
• 5.2 Illocutionary Acts and Terminal Intonation Contours.
• 5.2.1 Preliminary Considerations.
• 5.2.2 A Model for the Description of Terminal Intonation Contours in Adult Language.
• 5.2.3 The Ontogenesis of Terminal Intonation Contours.
• 5.2.4 Some Contrasting Arguments on the Role of Terminal Intonation Contours at the Stage of One-Word Utterances.
• 5.2.5 A Description of the Terminal Intonation Contours of Meike and Simone.
• 5.2.6 A Reliability Test of the Description of Terminal Intonation Contours.
• 5.2.7 Correspondence between Terminal Intonation Contours and Types of Illocutionary Acts in the Utterances of Meike and Simone.
• 5.3 Propositional Acts and Word Order.
• 5.3.1 Preliminary Considerations.
• 5.3.2 The Semantics of One-Word Utterances.
• 5.3.3 Semantic Versus Syntactic Relations.
• 5.3.4 The System of Semantic Relations in Early Child Language.
• a) The Definition and Formal Representation of Semantic Relations.
• b) The Logical Structure of Semantic Relations.
• c) The Form of the Realization Rules.
• d) A Description of the Semantic Relations of Early Child Language.
• e) “Referential Operations”.
• f) A Description of “Referential Operations” as Predicates and as Forms of Deictic Reference.
• 5.3.5 A Tabulated Survey of the Semantic Construction Types (SKT’s) used by Meike and Simone.
• 5.3.6 Word Order in Meike’s and Simone’s Utterances.
• a) Word Order in Two-Word Utterances.
• b) Word Order in Three-Word and Four-Word Utterances.
• c) Discussion of the Results Concerning Word Order in the Utterances of Meike and Simone.
• 5.3.7 Word Order in Child Language and Adult Language.
• 5.4 Context-Referential Acts and Ellipsis.
• 5.4.1 Preliminary Considerations.
• 5.4.2 The Communicative Egocentrism of the Child.
• 5.4.3 Deixis and Communicative Egocentrism.
• 5.4.4 Gestural and Symbolical Use of Deixis.
• 5.4.5 Place Deixis.
• 5.4.6 Time Deixis.
• 5.4.7 Person Deixis.
• 5.4.8 Implicit Reference by Means of Illocutionary Acts and Interactional Routines.
• 5.4.9 Contextual Alternatives and Constructional Problems for the Child.
• 6 Conclusion.
• 6.1 Summary.
• 6.1.1 Semantic Relations and Sensorimotor Intelligence.
• 6.1.2 Pragmatic Conventions and Communicative Egocentrism.
• 6.2 Final Comments on the Logic of Language Development in Early Childhood.
• 7 Appendix.
• 7.1 Glossary of the Notations Used in the Transcripts.
• 7.2 Context of Items Used in the Intonation Test.
• 7.3 Context of Items Used in the Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis.
• Meike SKT 1.
• Simone SKT 1.
• Meike SKT 2.
• Simone SKT 2.
• Meike SKT 3.
• Simone SKT 3.
• Mei ke SKT 4–6.
• Simone SKT 4–6.
• Meike SKT 7.
• Simone SKT 7.
• Meike SKT 8.
• Simone SKT 8.
• Meike SKT 9.
• Simone SKT 9.
• Meike SKT 10.
• Simone SKT 10.
• Meike SKT 11.
• Simone SKT 11.
• Meike SKT 12.
• Simone SKT 12.
• Meike SKT 13.
• Simone SKT 13.
• References.
• Author Index.