Progress in Botany

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• A. Structural Botany.
• I. General and Molecular Cytology: The Cytoskeleton: Microfilaments.
• 1. Introduction.
• 2. Molecular Organization of Actin Filaments.
• 3. Assembly of Actin Filaments.
• 4. Visualization of Actin Filaments.
• 5. Actin Filaments and Intracellular Movements.
• a) Involvement of Actin Filaments in Organelle Movement.
• b) Involvement of Actin Filaments in Cytoplasmic Streaming.
• c) Involvement of Actin Filaments in Vesicle-Mediated Secretion.
• 6. Actin Filaments and Cell Motility.
• 7. Anti F-Actin Agents.
• References.
• II. Cytology and Morphogenesis of Fungal Cells.
• 1. Books and Reviews.
• 2. Techniques.
• 3. Cytoplasmic Structures.
• a) Cytoskeleton.
• b) Plasma Membrane and Endomembrane System.
• c) Microbodies, Woronin Bodies.
• d) Storage Products, Miscellaneous Structures.
• e) Additional Studies.
• 4. Nucleus, Mitosis, Meiosis.
• 5. Wall Structure and Formation.
• a) Hyphal Tip Growth.
• b) Wall Regeneration.
• c) Septum.
• d) Dimorphism.
• III. Vergleichende Morphologie des Vegetationskörpers.
• 1. Allgemeines.
• 2. Meristeme.
• a) Sproßscheitelmeristeme.
• b) Blattrandmeristeme.
• c) Wurzelscheitelmeristeme.
• d) Anlegung des Leitgewebesystems.
• e) Embryoentwicklung.
• 3. Blattstellungen und Blattmorphologie.
• 4. Verzweigung und Wuchsformen.
• a) Allgemeines und dikotyle Pflanzen.
• b) Monocotyledonen.
• 5. Wurzeln.
• Literatur.
• IV. Reproductive Structures of the Flowering Plants.
• 2. Reproductive Development (General Aspects).
• 3. Inflorescences.
• 4. Floral Vascular Anatomy.
• 5. Perianth.
• 6. Androecium.
• 7. Floral Nectaries.
• 8. Gynoecium.
• 9. Pistil-Pollen Interactions.
• 10. Fruits and Seeds.
• 11. Origin and Evolution of the Flowering Plants.
• 12. Systematic Survey on Morphological Literature.
• B. Physiology.
• I. Mineral Nutrition: Anions.
• 1. Gradient-Coupled Transport: General Observations.
• a) Nitrate Uptake.
• b) Phosphate Uptake.
• c) Sulphate Uptake.
• d) Bicarbonate Uptake.
• e) Chloride Uptake.
• f) ?-Indolyl-Acetate Transport.
• 2. Transport Proteins.
• a) Distinct Gene Products?.
• b) Primary Active Transport Mechanisms and the Effects of Anions.
• ?) Plasmalemma.
• ?) Tonoplast.
• ?) Other Membranes.
• c) Secondary Active Transport Mechanisms of Anions.
• d) Extrinsic Anion-Binding Proteins at the Plasmalemma.
• 3. Passive Lipid Diffusion.
• 4. Feedback Inhibition of Anion Uptake.
• 5. Metabolism and Anion Transport in Whole Plants.
• a) Sulphate and Phosphate.
• b) Nitrate.
• 6. Root-Soil Interactions.
• 7. Concluding Remarks.
• II. Photosynthesis: Antennae and Reaction Centers.
• 2. Purple Bacteria.
• 3. Green Bacteria.
• a) Chlorosomes.
• b) Green Sulfur Bacteria.
• c) Green Filamentous Bacteria.
• 4. Photosystem II.
• 5. Photosystem I.
• III. Metabolism of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds.
• 1. Nitrogen Fixation.
• a) Nitrogen Fixation by Free-Living Microorganisms.
• b) Nitrogen Fixation by Symbiotic Microorganisms.
• 2. Nitrate Reduction.
• a) Assimilatory Nitrate Reduction.
• b) Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction.
• 3. Nitrification.
• IV. Secondary Plant Substances. Aspects of Steroid Biosynthesis.
• 1. Sterols.
• 2. Sterol Conjugations.
• 3. Sterol Synthesis During Seed Germination.
• 4. Cardenolides and Bufadienolides.
• 5. Steroidal Saponins.
• 6. Steroidal Alkaloids.
• 7. Withanolides.
• V. Growth.
• 1. General Reviews.
• 2. Gibberellins.
• a) Chemistry.
• b) Occurrence.
• ?) Isolation, Separation, and Determination.
• ?) Free Gibberellins.
• ?) Gibberellin Conjugates.
• c) Biosynthesis and Metabolism.
• ?) Biosynthetic Pathways.
• ?) Enzymic Studies.
• ?) Glucosyl Conjugates: Metabolic Formation and Hydrolysis.
• d) Physiological Roles.
• e) Modes of Action, Mechanisms.
• 3. Cytokinins.
• a) Synthesis and Analytical Methods.
• b) Biosynthesis and Metabolism.
• c) Occurrence and Physiological Roles.
• d) Modes of Action.
• 4. Brassinosteroids.
• a) Chemistry, Analytical Methods, Occurrence, Metabolism.
• b) Physiological Effects, Mode of Action, Agricultural Application.
• VI. Movement of Pulvinated Leaves.
• 2. The Proton/Potassium Exchange Model.
• 3. The Role of Calcium.
• 4. Effects of Various Substances.
• 5. Cell Walls.
• 6. Rhythmic Properties.
• 7. Structural Aspects.
• C. Genetics.
• I. Replication.
• 2. General Aspects.
• 3. Differential DNA Replication in Vivo.
• 4. Chromosome Variation in Vitro.
• 5. Endoreduplication and Endopolyploidy.
• 6. Polyteny in Angiosperms.
• II. Recombination: Asexual Recombination in Higher Plants.
• 2. Somatic Hybrids and Cybrids.
• a) Solanaceae.
• b) Brassicaceae.
• c) Other Species.
• 3. Somaclonal Variation.
• a) General.
• b) Triticeae.
• c) Solanaceae.
• d) Other Species.
• 4. Transposable Elements.
• b) Maize (Zea sp.).
• d) Importance in Evolution and Breeding.
• 5. Genetic Engineering.
• a) Transformation with Agrobacteria.
• ?) Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
• ?) Application of A. tumefaciens System.
• ?) Agrobacterium rhizogenes.
• b) Other Transformation Systems.
• ?) Plant Viruses.
• ?) Direct Gene Transfer.
• ?) Electroporation.
• 6. Conclusion.
• III. Mutation: Higher Plants.
• 1. Methodological Aspects.
• 2. Environmental Mutagenesis.
• 3. Antimutagenic Plant Substances.
• 4. Gene Mutations.
• a) Mutant Genes Affecting the Meiosis of Higher Plants.
• b) Mutants of Agronomic Interest.
• c) Somaclonal Variation.
• 5. Genome Mutations.
• a) Haploids.
• b) Autopolyploids.
• c) Allopolyploids.
• ?) Natural Allopolyploids.
• ?) Experimentally Produced Allopolyploids.
• ?) Somatic Hybridization.
• d) Aneuploids.
• IV. Function of Genetic Material. Ribulose-Bisphosphate-Carboxylase as a Tool for the Study of Gene Function in Plants.
• 2. Maps and Sequencing of RBC Genes.
• a) Prokaryotes.
• b) SSU Genes in Eukaryotic Plants.
• c) LSU Genes in Eukaryotic Plants.
• 3. Evolutionary Studies.
• 4. Translation and Processing of Transcripts.
• a) Small Subunit.
• b) Large Subunit.
• 5. Assembly and Structure of the Enzyme.
• 6. Regulation of Gene Activity.
• a) Light Induction of RBC.
• b) Influence of Hormones and Growth Conditions.
• c) Organ Specificity of Gene Expression.
• d) Influence of the Genotype of RBC Activity.
• V. Extranuclear Inheritance: Plastid Genetics.
• 2. The Complete Sequencing of the Plastid DNAs of Marchantia and Nicotiana.
• 3. Introns in Plastid Genes.
• 4. DNA Rearrangements and Drastic Size Reduction of Plastid DNA as a Consequence of Anther Culture in Cereals.
• 5. Sequence Homologies Between Plastid DNA and the DNAs of the Nucleus and Mitochondria.
• a) Sequence Homologies Between Plastid and Mitochondrial DNA.
• b) Sequence Homologies Between Plastid and Nuclear DNA.
• c) Hypotheses for the Mechanisms of Intercompartmental Gene Transfer.
• 6. Outlook.
• VI. Population Genetics.
• 2. DNA Variation and Population Genetics.
• a) Transposable Elements.
• b) Multigene Families.
• c) Extranuclear Variation.
• d) Adaptive Value of DNA Variation.
• e) DNA and Protein Variability in Populations of Microorganisms.
• 3. The Impact of Release of Genetically Manipulated Organisms.
• a) The Problem.
• b) Some Goals of Genetic Engineering.
• c) Discussion of Some Arguments.
• ?) The Niche.
• ?) Introgression.
• ?) Herbicide Resistance.
• 4. Quantitative Genetics.
• a) Maintenance of Quantitative Genetic Variation.
• ?) Mutation-Selection Balance.
• ?) Other Evolutionary Factors.
• ?) Genetic Variation in Heterogeneous Environments.
• ?) Experimental Evaluation.
• b) Quantitative Variation and the Analysis of Individual Loci.
• c) Phenotypic Plasticity.
• d) Genetic Correlations.
• D. Taxonomy.
• I. Systematics of the Bryophytes.
• 2. Handbooks, General.
• 3. Taxonomy.
• b) Monographs, Revisions.
• c) Biosystematic and Experimental Study.
• d) Chemosystematics.
• e) Cytosystematics.
• f) Special Taxonomic Treatments.
• 4. Nomenclature.
• 5. Floristics.
• a) Checklists.
• b) Books for Identification.
• c) Floristic Changes.
• 6. Phylogeny, Evolution.
• 7. Bryogeography.
• 8. Morphology, Anatomy.
• b) Ultrastructures.
• c) Fungal Parasites and Mycorrhizas, Endophytic Bacteria and Symbiontic Blue-Green Algae.
• 9. Applied Bryology.
• 10. Bibliographies.
• II. Evolution and Classification of Seed Plants.
• 2. Methodological Aspects.
• a) Phylogenetic Reconstructions and Evolutionary Processes.
• ?) Exemplary Studies in Seed Plant Phylogeny.
• ?) Limits and Prospects of Numerical Cladistic Studies.
• ?) Further Aspects.
• b) Infraspecific Classification of Wild and Cultivated Plants.
• c) Concepts of Classification.
• d) Institutional Bases and Means of Communication.
• 3. Morphology.
• a) General Aspects.
• b) Vegetative Characters.
• c) Palynology and Embryology.
• 4. Karyology and Cytogenetics.
• 5. Chemical Systematics and Evolution.
• a) Phytochemical Systematics.
• b) Evolutionary Aspects of Plant Allelochemicals.
• c) Allelochemistry of Wild and Cultivated Plants.
• d) Selected Defence Compounds.
• 6. Tracing Evolution.
• b) Phylogenetic Analysis at the Molecular Level.
• c) Evolution on the Population and Species Level.
• d) Reproductive Biology.
• e) Ecological Aspects.
• f) Selected Monographs and Studies in Special Groups.
• 7. Plants and Man.
• a) Systematic Studies in Various Groups.
• 8. Evolution and Classification of Larger Groups.
• a) Families of Dicotyledons.
• b) Reproductive Biology of Primitive Angiosperms.
• c) Magnoliidae.
• d) Hamamelididae.
• e) Myrtales.
• f) Monocotyledons.
• 9. Studies on the Family Level and Below.
• E. Geobotany.
• I. Areal- und Florenkunde (Floristische Geobotanik).
• 1. Forschungstrends.
• 2. Zusammenfassende Darstellungen.
• 3. Neue Floren.
• a) Europa und Orient (außer Sowjetunion).
• b) Sowjetunion.
• c) Süd- und Ostasien.
• d) Australien, Malesien, Ozeanien.
• e) Afrika südlich der Sahara.
• f) Nordamerika.
• g) Mittel- und Südamerika.
• 4. Floristische Kartierung.
• 5. Höhenverbreitung.
• 6. Klimaökologische Arealinterpretation.
• a) Wuchsformen und Vegetationsformationen.
• b) Arealgrenzen einzelner Taxa.
• c) Ausfüllung der klimatischen Areale.
• 7. Chorogenese and Artbildung.
• 8. Synanthrope Areal- und Florenveränderungen.
• a) Beurteilung des Status.
• b) Ausbreitungsgeschichte von Neophyten.
• c) Prognose der Ausbreitung.
• d) Auswirkung der Ausbreitung von Neophyten.
• e) Artenverlust.
• II. The History of Flora and Vegetation During the Quaternary.
• 1. Reconstruction of Past Types of Vegetation and of Climate by Means of Mathematical Procedures.
• 2. Dating Methods.
• 3. The Problem of the Last but One Interglacial.
• 4. The Eemian Interglacial.
• 5. Paleoecological Problems of the Last Glaciation.
• 6. The Late Glacial of the Last Glaciation.
• III. Vegetation Science (Sociobiological Geobotany).
• 2. Monographs and Bibliographies.
• 3. Methods and General Results.
• a) Succession Studies.
• b) Population Structure of Vegetation.
• c) Numerical Methods.
• 4. Vegetation of the Temperate Zone and Adjacent Regions.
• a) Temperate European Forests and Shrublands.
• b) Coastal Vegetation.
• c) Weed, Ruderal and Urban Vegetation.
• 5. Vegetation of Tropical and Subtropical Areas.
• IV. Ecosystem Research (Ecological Geobotany).
• 1. General.
• 2. Productivity.
• a) Biomass and Net Primary Production.
• ?) General, Modeling, and Methods.
• ?) Algae and Aquatic Ecosystems.
• ?) Herbs and Grasses in Different Ecosystems, Mainly Grasslands.
• ?) Woody Plants and Forest Ecosystems.
• b) Respiration.
• c) Carbon Cycle.
• 3. Energy and Water Balance.
• a) Energy Flow and Efficiency.
• b) Transpiration and Water Cycle.
• 4. Mineral Cycle.
• a) Decomposition.
• b) Mineral Cycle.
• ?) General.
• ?) Aquatic Ecosystems.
• ?) Grasslands and Herb Communities.
• ?) Forest Ecosystems.
• 5. Ecosystem Development: Succession, Stability and Man’s Influence on Ecosystem Structure and Processes.
• b) Aquatic Ecosystems.
• c) Grasslands and Herb Communities, Old-Field Succession.
• d) Forest Succession.
• e) Air Pollution, Effects of Acid Precipitation and Forest Dieback.
• F. Special Topics.
• I. Seed Dispersal.
• 2. General and Theoretical Aspects.
• 3. Dispersal and Gene Flow.
• 4. Dispersal by Wind.
• 5. Dispersal by Water.
• 6. Adhesive Dispersal.
• 7. Dispersal by Frugivores.
• b) Birds.
• ?) Fruit Color.
• ?) Fruit Accessibility.
• ?) Fruit Size.
• ?) Fruit Composition.
• ?) Fruiting Phenology.
• ?) Crop Size and the Fruiting Environment.
• ?) Habitat Influence on Bird Dispersal and Vice Versa.
• c) Bats.
• d) Primates.
• e) Other Nonflying Mammals.
• f) Fish.
• 8. Dispersal by Ants.
• 9. Dispersal by Seed-Hoarding Animals.
• 10. Modes of Dispersal in Plant Communities.
• 11. Conservation of Dispersal Systems.
• Plant Name Index.