General Histology of the Mammal

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• I. Introduction.
• Origin of Tissues.
• Differentiation. Closed and Wide-Meshed Cell Unions.
• Four Tissue Groups.
• Growth, Regeneration, Hyperplasia, Hypertrophy, Atrophy, Involution, Degeneration, and Necrosis.
• Metaplasia.
• Transplantation, Implantation, and Explantation.
• II. Epithelial Tissue.
• Surface Epithelia Classification of Surface Epithelia.
• Localization of Various Surface Epithelia.
• Simple Squamous Epithelium.
• Simple Cuboidal Epithelium.
• Simple Columnar Epithelium.
• Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium.
• Transitional Epithelium.
• Stratified Columnar Epithelium.
• Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium.
• Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Epidermis).
• Secretory Surface Epithelia Amniotic Epithelium.
• Vascularized Secretory Epithelium.
• Atypical Epithelia.
• Enamel Organ.
• Thymus.
• Changes in Form of Epithelial Cells.
• Functions of Surface Epithelia.
• Glandular Epithelia Exocrine Glands Development of Exocrine and Endocrine Glands.
• Classification of Exocrine Glands.
• Form of Exocrine Glands.
• Unicellular Glands.
• Endoepithelial Multicellular Gland.
• Tubular Gland.
• Tubuloacinar Gland.
• Tubuloalveolar Gland.
• Apocrine Alveolar Gland.
• Holocrine Alveolar Gland.
• Scheme of a Compound Tubuloacinar Gland.
• Endocrine Glands.
• Regeneration and Transplantation of Epithelial Tissue.
• III. Connective and Supporting Tissues.
• Origin of Connecting and Supporting Tissues.
• Classification of Connective and Supporting Tissues.
• Mesenchyme.
• Gelatinous or Mucous Connective Tissue.
• Reticular Connective Tissue.
• White Adipose Tissue.
• White Adipose Tissue Cell.
• Brown Adipose Tissue.
• Brown Adipose Tissue Cell.
• Loose Connective Tissue.
• Fixed Cells: Fibroblast and Fibrocyte.
• Formed and Amorphous Components of the Intercellular Substance.
• Wandering Cells Histiocyte.
• Reticulohistiocytic or Reticuloendothelial System.
• Mast Cell.
• Lymphocytes.
• Monocyte.
• Plasma Cell.
• Eosinophilic Granulocyte.
• Special Forms Pigment Connective Tissue.
• Pigment Cell.
• “Cellular” Connective Tissue.
• Retiform Connective Tissue.
• Irregular Dense Connective Tissue.
• Regular Dense Connective Tissue Tendon.
• Aponeurosis.
• Elastic Connective Tissue.
• Cartilaginous Tissue Hyaline Cartilage.
• Elastic Cartilage.
• Chondrocyte.
• Fibrous Cartilage.
• Notochordal Tissue.
• Bony Tissue Direct Bone Formation.
• Osteoblasts.
• Indirect Bone Formation.
• Secondary Bone Formation.
• Structure of Bone.
• Osteon.
• Osteocyte.
• Osteoclast.
• Regeneration of Bone.
• Dentin and Cementum.
• Possibilities of Transplanting Connective and Supporting Tissues.
• Graft Rejection. Role of Free Connective Tissue Cells.
• IV. Muscular Tissue.
• Three Types of Muscular Tissue.
• Occurrence of Smooth Musculature.
• Smooth Muscle Cells.
• Hypothetical Model of Contraction Mechanism of Smooth Muscle Cells.
• Myoepithelial Cells.
• Skeletal Musculature Histogenesis of Skeletal Musculature.
• Structure of a Muscle.
• Structure of a Muscle Fascicle.
• White Muscle Fiber and Satellite Cell.
• Red Muscle Fiber.
• Structure of a Muscle Fiber.
• Scheme of a Relaxed and a Contracted Myofibril.
• Interaction Between Actin and Myosin Myofilaments.
• Myotendinal Junction.
• Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Fibers.
• Cardiac Musculature Light-Microscopic Appearance.
• Cardiac Muscle Fibers.
• Electron-Microscopic Appearance.
• Cardiac Muscle Cell.
• Vascularization, Necrosis, Transplantation.
• Impulse-Conducting System.
• Purkinje Fibers.
• Cell of the Impulse-Conducting System.
• V. Nervous Tissue.
• Central Nervous System Histogenesis of Nervous Tissue.
• Cells Originating from Neural Tube and Neural Crest.
• Central andPeripheral Nervous System.
• Relationship Between Neurons and Glia Cells in Central and Peripheral Nervous System.
• Glia of Central Nervous System Ependymal Cells.
• Astrocytes.
• Membrana Limitans Gliae Superficialis and Perivascularis.
• Blood-Brain Barrier.
• Oligodendrocytes.
• Microglia.
• Nerve Cells Form of Nerve Cells.
• Types of Nerve Cell.
• Arrangement of Nerve Cells.
• Nerve Cells and Neuropil.
• Neurosecretory Cells.
• Mode of Action of Polypeptide Hormones.
• Nerve Fibers and Schwann’s Cells.
• Node of Ranvier.
• Schmidt-Lanterman Incisure.
• Regeneration of Nerve Fibers.
• Synapses.
• Components of Peripheral Nervous System.
• Spinal Ganglion.
• Pseudounipolar Nerve Cell.
• Bipolar Nerve Cell.
• Peripheral or Spinal Nerve.
• Perineurium.
• Endings of Efferent Nerve Fibers Motor End Plate.
• Endings of Autonomic Nerves in the Smooth Musculature.
• Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers Neuromuscular Spindle.
• Golgi Tendon Organ.
• Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers in Epithelial and Connective Tissues.
• Endings of Afferent Nerve Fibers Around Hair Follicle.
• Meissner’s Corpuscle.
• Vater-Pacini Corpuscle.
• Sympathetic Trunk.
• Multipolar Autonomic Nerve Cell.
• General Reading.