A Practical Grammar Introduction to Dutch

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• The Dutch language.
• 1 Pronunciation.
• Front,7bunded, front-rounded vowels.
• The vowels.
• The diphthongs.
• The consonants.
• Assimilation.
• Stress.
• 2 Spelling.
• Spelling rules: closed syllable and open syllable.
• The relationship of f to v and of s to z in certain words.
• The n of the common ending -en.
• Making the spelling adjustments.
• 3 The plural.
• The plural-en.
• The plural-s.
• Other plurals.
• 4 Articles and demonstratives.
• The definite article.
• The word for this.
• The word for that.
• The demonstrative adjectives.
• The indefinite article.
• 5 Personal pronouns; the verb.
• The subject forms.
• Use of pronouns.
• Present tense.
• Spelling.
• Yes-no-question.
• 6 The verb; Hebben and zijn. Imperative.
• Verbs with stems ending in -t or -d.
• The verbs: gaan, staan, doen, slaan, zien.
• The verb: komen.
• The verbs: hebben and zijn.
• The imperative.
• 7 Reading selections. The place of the verb.
• Amsterdam.
• 8 The adjective. The adverb. Comparison.
• Adjective ending in -e.
• Adjective without ending.
• Een + adjective + noun referring to male.
• Linker- and rechter-.
• Adverbs.
• Comparison of adjectives and adverbs.
• The superlative used as an adverb.
• Adjectives ending in -s.
• 9 Object pronouns. Reflexives.
• The object forms of the personal pronouns.
• The subject or object pronoun die.
• A sentence with two objects: direct and indirect.
• The reflexive pronouns.
• Use of prepositions.
• 10 Possessive adjectives.
• The possessive adjectives.
• Adjective ending after possessive.
• The possessive pronouns.
• The van construction.
• The z’n/d’ r-construction.
• 11 Numbers and dates. Currency and measurement.
• The numbers.
• The ordinal numbers.
• Dates.
• Units of currency and measures.
• 12 Reading selections.
• Nederland.
• Zuid-Holland.
• Voorjaar door Mies Bouhuys.
• 13 The past tense(‘weak’ verbs).
• The past tense of weak verbs.
• The past participle.
• The perfect tense.
• 14 The past tense (’strong’ verbs).
• The past tense of strong verbs.
• Vowel changes in the stem.
• Conjugation with hebten or zijn.
• The past participle without ge-.
• 15 Some irregular verbs. The past perfect tense.
• Some irregular verbs.
• The past perfect tense.
• Use of tenses.
• 16 Modal auxiliaries. Verb plus infinitive.
• Modal auxiliaries.
• The construction: mogen van, moeten van and niet hoeven van.
• Independent use of the modals.
• The verb laten.
• Other verbs used in association with an infinitive.
• 17 The future. The present participle and the infinitive.
• The verb zullen.
• The verb gaan.
• Present-tense form for future.
• The present participle.
• Progressive aspect.
• The infinitive.
• 18 Review and reading.
• Spoken language versus written language.
• 19 Separable prefixes.
• Stressed separable prefixes.
• Stressed inseparable prefixes.
• Inseparable prefixes.
• 20 Conjunctions, relative pronouns.
• Coordinating conjunctions.
• Subordinating conjunctions: word order.
• Subordinating conjunctions: meanings.
• Relative pronouns.
• 21 Word order: the places in the sentence.
• Second place in the sentence.
• First place in the sentence.
• Last place in the sentence.
• The negating adverb niet.
• 22 The word ER. Prepositional compounds.
• er + preposition.
• Other functions of er.
• 23 Diminutives.
• The forms of the diminutives.
• Use of the diminutive.
• 24 The passive voice.
• The passive construction.
• Er and the passive sentence.
• Active construction with men or je.
• 25 Reading selections.
• Geschiedenis.
• Prinsjesdag.
• De Kroon en het Parlement.
• Verzuiling.
• 26 Telling time.
• Hour and half-hour.
• Adverbs of time.
• 27 Idiomatic usages of some common verbs.
• Gaan.
• Blijven.
• Aan’ t…zijnand bezig zijn te.
• Liggen, zitten, staan.
• Kennen and weten.
• Leven and wonen.
• Verstaan and begrijpen.
• Betekenen and bedoelen.
• Onthouden and zich herinneren.
• Vallen, opvallen, meevallen and tegenvallen.
• Hebben.
• 28 Word formation and derivation.
• Compounding.
• Derivation by suffixes.
• Stress shift in derivation.
• 29 Three stories.
• Het kopje koffie.
• Gezichten.
• Regenboog.
• A list of the most useful strong and irregular verbs.
• English translations of the practice sentences.
• Dutch-English vocabulary.
• Photo-credit.
• Text-credit.