Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov—Warsaw School

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• I / The Origin and Development of the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• 1. The Rise of the Lvov—Warsaw School and the Periods in its Development.
• 2. Kazimierz Twardowski and the Lvov Stage.
• 3. The Lvov—Warsaw School Between the World Wars.
• 4. World War II and the Post-1945 Period.
• 5. The Typical Philosopher of the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• Photographs.
• II / Some Philosophical Views of Kazimierz Twardowski.
• 1. Twardowski and the Philosophical Tradition.
• 2. The Conception of Philosophy.
• 3. Psychologism.
• 4. Twardowski on Language.
• 5. Twardowski on Truth.
• 6. Analysis of the Word ‘Nothing’.
• 7. Problems in the Theory of Science.
• 8. Conclusion.
• III / The Conception of Philosophy in the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• 1. ? ukasiewicz.
• 2. Kotarbi? ski.
• 3. Ajdukiewicz.
• 4. Cze? owski.
• 5. Conclusion.
• IV / The Development of Logic in the Lvov—Warsaw School: The Warsaw School of Logic.
• 1. A Concise History of Logic in the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• 2. Sociological Comments on the Warsaw School of Logic.
• 3. General Remarks on the Further Chapters on Logic in the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• V / The Classical Sentential Calculus.
• 1. ? ukasiewicz’s Parenthesis-Free Symbolism and his Criteria of Construction of Logical Systems.
• 2. The Functionally Complete Classical Sentential Calculus — Axiomatic Approaches.
• 3. Partial Sentential Calculi.
• 4. The Sentential Calculus with Variable Functors.
• 5. Ja? kowski’s System of Natural Deduction.
• 6. The Metalogic of the Sentential Calculus.
• 7. Addenda. Concluding Remarks.
• VI / Non-Classical Logics.
• 1. Many-Valued Logics.
• 2. Modal Logic.
• 3. Intuitionistic Logic.
• 4. Ja? kowski’s Discursive Logic.
• 5. Concluding Remarks.
• VII / Le? niewski’s Systems.
• 1. Introduction.
• 2. Intuitive Formalism.
• 3. Semantic Categories and ConstructiveNominalism.
• 4. Some Formal Properties of Le? niewski’s Systems.
• 5. Protothetic.
• 6. Ontology.
• 7. Mereology.
• 8. The Controversy over Le? niewski. Conclusion.
• VIII / Metamathematics, the Foundations of Mathematics and the Semantic Conception of Truth.
• 1. Metamathematics.
• 2. Tarski’s Semantic Theory of Truth. An Introduction.
• 3. The Semantic Theory of Truth. The Formal Aspect.
• 4. The Semantic Theory of Truth. The Philosophical Aspect.
• 5. The General Conception of Semantics.
• IX / History of Logic and Interpretations of Traditional Logic. The Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics.
• 1. History of Logic.
• 2. Interpretations of Traditional Logic.
• 3. The Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics.
• X / Logic, Semantics and Cognition: The Epistemology of Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz.
• 1. The Conception of Meaning.
• 2. Radical Conventionalism.
• 3. Rejection of Radical Conventionalism.
• 4. Toward Radical Empiricism.
• 5. Semantics, Epistemology, Ontology.
• 6. Concluding Remarks.
• XI / Logic, Semantics and the World: The Ontology of Tadeusz Kotarbi? ski.
• 1. Genuine and Apparent Names.
• 2. Ontological Reism: The Basic Thesis.
• 3. The Problem of the Interpretation of the Fundamental Thesis of Reism.
• 4. Pansomatism and Radical Realism.
• 5. Reism and Materialism.
• 6. Why Reism?.
• 7. The Troubles of Reism.
• 8. Concluding Remarks.
• Appendix to Chapters X – XI / Further Epistemological and Ontological Problems Discussed in the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• 1. Scepticism.
• 2. Foundationalism, Fallibilism, Conventionalism, Truth.
• 3. What Exists?.
• 4. The Mind-Body Problem.
• 5. Time, Space, Causality, and Quantum Theory.
• 6. Conclusion.
• XII / The Philosophy of Language.
• 1. Conceptions of Meaning.
• 2. Analytic Sentences.
• 3. Empty Names.
• 4. Concluding Remarks.
• XIII / The Philosophy ofScience.
• 1. Reasoning and Its Modes.
• 2. Induction, Probability, and Justification.
• 3. The General Picture of the Scientific Method and Scientific Theories.
• XIV / Once More History and Beyond.
• 1. The Lvov—Warsaw School and Logical Empiricism.
• 2. The Problem of the Unity of the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• 3. The Lvov—Warsaw School or the Lvov School and the Warsaw School?.
• 4. The Importance of the Lvov—Warsaw School.
• Notes.
• List of the Philosophers of the Lvov—Warsaw School Mentioned in this Book.
• Index of Names.
• Index of Subjects.