Neuronavigation and Neuroanatomy

Neuronavigation enables the surgeon to define each cranial and cerebral structure before and during surgery but the problem of brainshifting remains. This atlas shows drawings of anatomical landmarks for neuronavigation for preoperative planning. The authors show the relationships between bony landmarks which are unchanged during the operation, and landmarks which are no more available after opening of the skull but still recognizable during the operation, e. g. by ultrasonic sector scan. It further includes the description of many important anatomical variants, which are important for microsurgeons when using minimal invasive modern techniques (endoscopy, sterotaxy) to avoid errors and complications. The book describes unknown projections for MRI and CT which may be adapted for special surgical problems. The anatomical drawings are the result of a twenty-five-years study of the topographical anatomy of the brain and the surrounding structures combined with the experience of modern microsurgery.