Computer Animation

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1. Introduction.
• 2. Conventional Animation.
• 2.1 Basic Principles of Conventional Animation.
• 2.2 How Are Cartoon Animated Films Made?.
• 2.3 Multiplane and Shooting Phase.
• 2.4 Some Techniques and Special Camera Effects.
• 2 5 Bar, Route, Model and Exposure Sheets.
• 2.6 Postproduction.
• 2 7 Historical Background.
• 2 8 Applications of Animation.
• 3. Computer Animation.
• 3 1 The Role of the Computer in Animation.
• 3.2 How to Classify Computer Animation Systems?.
• 3.3 Real-time vs. Frame-by-frame.
• 3.4 Frame Buffer Animation and Real-time Playback.
• 3 5 Systems vs. Languages.
• 4. The Development of Computer Animation in Various Organizations.
• 4.1 The Early Systems: BEFLIX and EXPLOR.
• 4.2 Picture-driven Animation: GENESYS.
• 4.3 Analog Systems· SCANIMATE and CAESAR.
• 4.4 ANIMATOR, ARTA and MOP.
• 4.5 Computer Animation at the National Research Council of Canada.
• 4.6 Computer Animation at Ohio State University.
• 4.7 From GRASS to ZGRASS.
• 4.8 New York Institute of Technology and Lucasfilm.
• 4.9 MAGI/Synthavision, Robert Abel, Triple I and Digital Effects.
• 4.10 And the Others?.
• 5. Key Frame and Painting Systems.
• 5.1 Computer-assisted Animation.
• 5.2 The Input of Drawings.
• 5.3 In-between Calculations.
• 5.4 The Laws of Animation.
• 5.5 Skeleton Techniques.
• 5.6 The Path of Motion and P-curves.
• 57 In-betweening Using Moving Point Constraints.
• 5.8 Coloring Techniques.
• 5.9 Paint Systems.
• 5.10 Color simulation and Dithering.
• 5.11 Gradation Techniques.
• 5.12 A Case Study: The Multiple Track Animator System.
• 6. Modeled Animation.
• 6.1 What Is Modeled Animation?.
• 6.2 Object Modeling.
• 6 3 Object Creation.
• 6.4 Motion Specification.
• 7. Hidden Surfaces, Reflectance and Shading.
• 7.1 Hidden Surfaces.
• 7.2 Light Reflection Models.
• 7 3 Shading.
• 7.4 Structured ShadedGraphical Types.
• 7.5 Rendering of Parametric and Patch Surfaces.
• 8. Transparency, Texture, Shadows and Anti-aliasing.
• 8.1 Ray-tracing Algorithms.
• 8 2 Transparency.
• 8.3 Texture.
• 8 4 Fractals.
• 8 5 Fuzzy Objects Modeling and Particle Systems.
• 8 6 Shadows.
• 8 7 Spatial Anti-aliasing.
• 8 8 Motion Blur and Temporal Anti-aliasing.
• 9. Human Modeling and Animation.
• 9.1 Stick, Surface and Volume Models.
• 9 2 The NUDES System.
• 9 3 The Badler Bubbleman.
• 9 4 Labanotation.
• 9.5 Hand Representation.
• 9.6 Facial Animation.
• 10. Object-oriented and Actor Languages and Systems.
• 10 1 Classes, Modules and Processes.
• 10 2 Kay’s Work and SMALLTALK.
• 10.3 Hewitt’s Actor Theory.
• 10.4 LOGO and the DIRECTOR Actor-based Animation Language.
• 10.5 ASAS· The Actor/Scriptor Animation System.
• 10.6 CINEMIRA: A Language Based on Actor and Camera Data Types.
• 10.7 MIRANIM· An Extensible Director-oriented 3D Animation System.
• 11. Case Studies.
• 11.1 Decor with Bridges and Houses.
• 11.2 Computer Animation of a Robotic Arm.
• 11.3 An Example of the Design of a Camera Path.
• 11.4 A Scene with a Shaded Corvette.
• 11.5 Fireworks.
• 12. A Case Study: Dream Flight.
• 12.1 Why Dream Flight?.
• 12.2 Scenario and Storyboard.
• 12.3 Decor Creation.
• 12.4 Actors and Dynamic Objects in the Forest.
• 12.5 Seascape.
• 12.6 Undersea Scene.
• 12.7 The Organization of a Scene and Shooting.
• References.
• Appendix A: Computer Animation Organizations and Teams.
• Appendix B: Computer Animation Systems and Languages.
• Appendix C: Computer-generated Films.