Ironsands are a type of abundant, easily mined, and cost-effective coastal sand ore. This book explores various aspects of ironsands, including their mineral properties, milling, magnetic separation, and pre-oxidation treatments. It also examines the impact of ironsands on the sintering and pelletizing processes, as well as their influence on the quality of sinter and pelletized ore. Additionally, the book addresses the application of ironsands in gas-based direct reduction processes and high-temperature melting and splitting operations. The process of extracting titanium ferro-alloys from titanium-containing slag via the alumino-thermal method is also discussed. The book provides a comprehensive analysis of the intrinsic mechanisms involved in the extraction of valuable elements from ironsands, the impact of these processes on product quality, and offers recommendations for optimizing smelting techniques. Finally, it includes a specific case study on the short-flow industrial testing of ironsands.
